Syntax and Basics

Variables: The Storage Units

Variables are the fundamental storage units in Python. They hold data values and are created through assignment statements. Python is dynamically typed, meaning you don't have to explicitly declare the data type of a variable.

x = 10  # Integer
y = "Hello"  # String
z = 3.14  # Float

Data Types: The Nature of Data

Python comes with a variety of built-in data types to handle different kinds of data:

• Integers: Whole numbers without a fractional component. E.g., 1, -5, 1000
• Floats: Numbers with a decimal point. E.g., 3.14, -0.001, 2.0
• Strings: Sequences of characters enclosed in quotes. E.g., "Hello", 'Python'
• Booleans: Logical values representing True or False.

integer_type = 42
float_type = 3.14
string_type = "Python"
boolean_type = True

Operators: The Action Takers

Operators in Python perform operations on variables and values. They are categorized into:

• Arithmetic Operators: +, -, *, /, %, //, **
• Comparison Operators: ==, !=, <, >, <=, >=
• Logical Operators: and, or, not

# Arithmetic
sum = 5 + 3  # 8
difference = 5 - 3  # 2
 
# Comparison
is_equal = (5 == 3)  # False
 
# Logical
result = (5 > 3) and (5 < 10)  # True

By the end of this section, you'll have a strong grasp of Python's syntax and basic programming concepts, setting the stage for more advanced topics. Whether you're new to Python or brushing up on the basics, this section will equip you with the skills you need to write effective Python code.