Data Types

Basic Data Types

Python's basic data types are the foundation for storing and manipulating data. They include:

• Integers: Whole numbers without a fractional component. E.g., 1, -5, 1000
• Floats: Numbers with a decimal point. E.g., 3.14, -0.001, 2.0
• Strings: Sequences of characters enclosed in quotes. E.g., "Hello", 'Python'
• Booleans: Logical values representing True or False.

integer_type = 42
float_type = 3.14
string_type = "Python"
boolean_type = True

Composite Data Types

Python also offers composite data types that can hold multiple values:

• Lists: Ordered collections of items. E.g., [1, 2, 3]
• Tuples: Immutable ordered collections. E.g., (1, 2, 3)
• Dictionaries: Key-value pairs. E.g., {"name": "John", "age": 30}
• Sets: Unordered collections of unique items. E.g., {1, 2, 3}

list_type = [1, 2, 3]
tuple_type = (1, 2, 3)
dict_type = {"key": "value"}
set_type = {1, 2, 3}

Special Types

Python also has some special types for specific use-cases:

• NoneType: Represents the absence of a value or a null value (None).
• Complex: Represents complex numbers (1 + 2j).

none_type = None
complex_type = 1 + 2j

Type Conversion

Python allows you to convert between different data types using built-in functions like int(), float(), str(), etc.

# Type conversion
integer_to_float = float(42)  # 42.0
float_to_int = int(3.14)  # 3